I can't tell you the exact steps for getting the BIOS options for USB. I thought you were still working on that, according to your own words.
The reason is simple: I have no knowledge about the specific BIOS that your specific laptop is using. Each computer has its own BIOS; specially when talking about laptops.
Since your laptop's manual doesn't include screenshots about it, or which option it includes, then you have to get into the BIOS and "navigate" through it (with the keyboard's cursor keys, function keys, PgDn, PgUp, "+", "-", "enter", "esc",...), reading the tittle of each option and the available settings for each one.
You already got into the BIOS before, so use the same method again (press the specific key immediately when powering up the system).
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The manual must have at least the appropriate key to get into the BIOS. I'm almost sure that Sony's support can tell you which keys to use to get into the BIOS, and
maybe even the specific options related to USB. If they ask for a fee for the the key to get into the BIOS,

hang up (and IMHO do not buy anymore from them).
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While navigating through the BIOS, write down any of the options that says something about USB and report them back here. We'll try to identify which specific option you need to change using your report.
About your second partition, the one with ID 7, where Windows Vista is installed, its size (in GiB) should be:
(312579759 +1 - 15456256)/2048/1024 = 141.68 GiB approx., which is now reasonable.
With the "start" and "end" numbers you reported, we can identify those 2 partitions when you'll need to repair your Windows installation.
I'll wait for your report about USB options in your BIOS to continue.